Controlling the Spread of Disease

Controlling the Spread of Disease epidemic choleraCholera is ca utilize by the bacterium vibrio cholerae, which contaminates food and drawing wetThis bacterium contaminates the small intestines with a toxin called CTX , which in turn rides severe dissolutionNormally present in coastal waters, attaching to crustaceans known as copepods which argon found in plankton rich environments(WordPress, 2014).This bacteria does not always pass on people ill however, this bacteria may come issue in stools, which rear contaminate the water supplyWhen vibrio cholerae enters the human consistency toxic poisons are released, causing diarrhoeaThe nutrients in the water enables provides idealistic condition for the bacteria to work outPreventionTo disallow contracting cholera use bottled or boiled water when drinking and preparing food and drinkThoroughly washables hands on a regular foundingMalaria a potentially life little terrorening diseaseThe life round of malariaMalaria plasmodi um parasites have two arrays female anopheles females and humansfemale soul anopheles mosquitos infected by malaria parasites Inject sporozites into humans whilst feeding on their bloodSporozites thusly infect carrells within the liver transforming into thousands of merozoites.These merozites travel out of the liver and then invade the red blood cells where they multiply forming parvenu merozitesRed blood cells then burst this releases merozites which go on to infect other cellsWhilst invading red blood cells merozites can develop into gametocytes which is the internal reproductive stage.Gametocytes are sucked up by mosquitos when they are feeding fusing with gametes to bring on zygotes in the mosquitos gutZygotes become fertilised and form motile ookinete which turn into oocyst, these then multiply producing thousands of sporozoitesThese then move into the salivary gland of the mosquito after near a week ready to infect humansSo what can be done to protect against malaria? The use of mosquito nets are commonly used to stop mosquitos from biting as well as the use of biting louse repellentSome medicines are given to people to help prevent the risk of contracting malaria doxycycline, proguanil with atovaquone, mefloquine some of which need to be taken for weeks after return(disqus, 2014).InfluenzaInfluenza (flu) is a common viral transmitting which attacks the nose, throat and lungs (respiratory system)Influenza is air borne and can be patrimonial between people if someone has the computer virus and sneezes, others can inhale thisThe virus can also be present on objects an infected person has touchedCytokines are produced when the innate immune system starts to respond to the threat these induce responses such as the instigative response life unit of ammunitionThe flu enters its forces and then invades cells within the respiratory systemThe virus uses its host cell to replicate its DNA forcing the cell to make copies of the virusThis triggers the b odys immune response which sends white blood cells to the area of transmittingIf not stopped the virus can then break free from the host cell allowing it to infect other cells close to the body(fitbuff.com, 2009).PreventionVaccinations are offered to protect against influenza but are not one century percent effectiveWashing hands regularly prevents the spread of contagious diseaseAthletes initiation (trichophyton)Trichophyton rubrum causes tinea pedis (athletes foot) which feeds off ceratin in the upper layer of the peel off, hair and nailsTrichophyton rubrum form lead off of the dermatophytes which is a group of fungiWithin four to ten years symptoms appear as a result of bodys inflammatory response resulting in a red rash on the skinThe blistered and itchy skin occurs as a result of the trichophyton reproducing on the skin, particularly they like moist places such as in-between the toesIf the fungus infection is not treated it can spread to other areas of the feet such as t he toe nailsThis fungi can be passed from person to person and is popular in public showers and swimming pools, where skin particles are left aroundSymptomsSkin between the toes can burn and become itchy primaeval treatment is recommendedIf untreated in the first instance it can cause the skin to become cracked and infected further with bacteriaThe fungus infection may cause an unpleasant smellPreventionThoroughly washing feet daily and making sure all areas are completely alter before putting socks onNot wearing socks and shoes where attainable to allow air to circulate around the feetChanging socks regularly, this is because fungus can multiply on flakes of skinBibliographyAdvameg. (2014). Athletes foot. online available http//www.faqs.org/wellness/topics/2/Athlete-s-foot.html. die hard accessed 24/9/2014Bupa. (2014). Malaria prevention. online operational http//www.bupa.co.uk/individuals/health-information/directory/m/malaria-prevention. cobblers last accessed 24/9/2014 pe rspective Primary Care. (2012). The Life Cycle of the Flu. online usable http//horizonprimarycare.com/the-life-cycle-of-the-flu/. delay accessed 24/9/2014How stuff works. (2014). How Viruses Work. online visible(prenominal) http//science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/virus-human2.htm. closing accessed 25/9/2014Interpod Pty Ltd. (2013). What is nematode worm Pedis aka Athletes foot? . online Available http//www.interpod.com.au/symptoms/what-is-tinea-pedis-aka-athletes-foot-diagnosis-treatment-and-pain-relief/. Last accessed 24/9/2014Live strong. (2014). Life Cycle of Influenza. online Available http//www.ehow.com/about_5491671_life-cycle-influenza.html. Last accessed 24/9/2014malariavaccine. (2014). Life cycle of the malaria parasite. online Available http//www.malariavaccine.org/malvac-lifecycle.php. Last accessed 24/9/2014malaria.wellcome. (2014). The malaria lifecycle. online Available http//malaria.wellcome.ac.uk/interactive/parasitelifecycle/interactive.html. Last accessed 24/9/2014Mayo mental home for Medical Education and Research. (2014). Cholera. online Available http//www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cholera/basics/causes/con-20031469. Last accessed 24/9/2014Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. (2013). Influenza (flu). online Available http//www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/flu/basics/ exposition/con-20035101. Last accessed 24/9/2014medicalnewstoday. (2013). What Is Cholera? What Causes Cholera?. online Available http//www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/189269.php. Last accessed 24/9/2014Medline Plus. (2014). Immune response. online Available http//www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000821.htm. Last accessed 24/9/2014MIMS (NZ) Ltd . (2014). What is tinea?. online Available http//www.everybody.co.nz/page-c172a44b-7f65-4de9-99d5-1568036d64c5.aspx. Last accessed 24/9/2014OurHealthNetwork. (2006). What is athletes foot? . online Available http//www.ourhealthnetwork.com/conditions/FootandAnkle/AthletesFoo t.asp. Last accessed 24/9/2014Patient.co.uk. (2012). Athletes Foot (Tinea Pedis). online Available http//www.patient.co.uk/health/Athletes-Foot-(Tinea-Pedis).htm. Last accessed 24/9/2014Viral zone. (2011). Bacterial viruses biology pages. online Available http//www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/biology/. Last accessed 24/9/2014virology. (2009). The inflammatory response. online Available http//www.virology.ws/2009/07/01/the-inflammatory-response/. Last accessed 25/9/2014WebMD. (2014). Athletes foot (tinea pedis). Available http//www.webmd.boots.com/foot-care/athletes-foot-tinea-pedis. 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